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Network Addresses

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Functions in this sections deal with parsing and operating on IP addresses, URLs, and MAC addresses.

IP Addresses

cutIPv6

cutIPv6 zeros out a number of bytes from an IPv6 formatted address.

Addresses that were originally IPv6 or IPv4 are treated differently, even though the representation is IPv6. For example, zeroing two bytes from the following IPv6 formatted addresses would have different results:

IPv6 formattedresult
2020:5588:89ac:bb88:cafe:babe:cab1:72ba2020:5588:89ac:bb88:cafe:babe:cab1:7200
::ffff:81.82.83.84::ffff:81.82.0.0

Parameters:

  • ipv6_address - IPv6 formatted address.
  • ipv6_to_cut - the number of IPv6 bytes to zero. Accepts values 0-16.
  • ipv4_to_cut - the number IPv4, formatted to IPv6, bytes to zero. Accepts values between 0-16, but 6-16 will all result in an empty address: ::.

Usage:

cutIPv6(ipv6_address, ipv6_to_cut, ipv4_to_cut)

Returns:

  • a String with the appropriate characters zeroed.

IPv4CIDRToRange

IPv4CIDRToRange returns the lower and upper values of IP addresses given an IPv4 value and a CIDR.

Parameters:

  • ipv4 - the base address in IPv4 format
  • cidr - a UInt representing the CIDR

Usage:

IPv4CIDRToRange(ipv4, cidr)

Returns:

  • an array of two Strings, representing the lower and upper IPv4 values of the range. For example: ["8.8.8.0","8.8.8.255"]

IPv4NumToString

IPv4NumToString returns an IPv4 formatted String from a Big Endian UInt representation of an IP address.

Parameters:

  • ipv4_num - the UInt to translate

Usage:

  • function call: IPv4NumToString(ipv4_num)

Returns:

  • a String representation of the dot notation of the IPv4 address.

IPv4NumToStringClassC

IPv4NumToStringClassC returns an IPv4 formatted String from a Big Endian UInt representation of an IP address, obfuscating the last octect with xxx

Parameters:

  • ipv4_num - the UInt to translate

Usage:

IPv4NumToStringClassC(ipv4_num)

Returns:

  • a String representation of the dot notation of the IPv4 address, with xxx as the last octect. For example: "7.57.254.xxx"

IPv4StringToNum, toIPv4

IPv4StringToNum and toIPv4 return an IPv4 data type representation of a IPv4 address in String format. This is useful when a function needs an IPv4 data type rather than a String representation.

Parameters:

  • ipv4_string - the String to translate

Usage:

  • IPv4StringToNum(ipv4_string)
  • toIPv4(ipv4_string)

Returns:

  • an IPv4 representation for use in IPv4 functions.

IPv4ToIPv6

IPv4ToIPv6 translates an IPv4 address data type to an IPv6 address data type.

Parameters:

  • ipv4_num - the Uint64 to translate

Usage:

  • IPv4ToIPv6(ipv4_num)

Returns:

  • String IPv6 representation for use in IPv6 functions.

IPv6CIDRToRange

IPv6CIDRToRange returns the lower and upper values of IP addresses given an IPv6 value and a CIDR.

Parameters:

  • ipv6 - the base address in IPv6 format
  • cidr - a UInt representing the CIDR

Usage:

IPv6CIDRToRange(ipv6, cidr)

Returns:

  • an array of two Strings, representing the lower and upper IPv6 values of the range. For example: ["2020:5500::","2020:55ff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff"]

IPv6NumToString

IPv6NumToString returns an IPv6 formatted String from a Big Endian UInt representation of an IP address.

Parameters:

  • ipv6_num - the UInt to translate

Usage:

  • IPv6NumToString(ipv6_num)

Returns:

  • a String representation of the IPv6 address.

IPv6StringToNum, toIPv6

IPv6StringToNum and toIPv6 return an IPv6 data type representation of a IPv6 address in String format. This is useful when a function needs an IPv6 data type rather than a String representation.

Parameters:

  • ipv6_string - the String to translate

Usage:

  • IPv6StringToNum(ipv6_string)
  • toIPv6(ipv6_string)

Returns:

  • IPv6 representation for use in IPv6 functions.

MAC Addresses

MACNumToString

MACNumToString returns a String that is the representation of the MAC address given as a UInt64 in Big Endian format.

Parameters:

  • mac_num - the UInt to translate

Usage:

  • MACNumToString(mac_num)

Returns:

  • String representation of the MAC address.

MACStringToNum

MACStringToNum returns a UInt64 that is the representation of the MAC address given as a String.

Parameters:

  • mac_string - the String to translate

Usage:

  • MACStringToNum(mac_string)

Returns:

  • UInt64 representation of the MAC address.

MACStringToOUI

MACStringToOUI returns a UInt64 that is the OUI for the MAC address passed in as a String. The OUI is the first 3 octets of the MAC address.

Parameters:

  • mac_string - the String to extract the OUI from

Usage:

  • MACStringToOUI(mac_string)

Returns:

  • a UInt64 representation of the OUI.

URLs

cutFragment

cutFragment returns a String that removes any fragments referring to anchors (like myurl#theAnchor), returning the URL portion only

Parameters:

  • url - the String representing the full URL

Usage:

  • cutFragment(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the URL without any anchor references

cutQueryString

cutQueryString returns a String that removes any query strings, returning the URL portion only

Parameters:

  • url - the String representing the full URL

Usage:

  • cutQueryString(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the URL without any query string

cutQueryStringAndFragment

cutQueryStringAndFragment returns a String that removes any query strings and anchor references, returning the URL portion only. It is the equivalent of calling cutFragment and cutQueryString on the same URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String representing the full URL

Usage:

  • cutQueryStringAndFragment(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the URL without any query string or anchor references

cutToFirstSignificantSubdomain

cutToFirstSignificantSubdomain is a Clickhouse specific function that trims off the prefix of a URL before the firstSignificantSubdomain. For example http://www.foo.com would return foo.com where foo is the first significant subdomain.

Parameters:

  • url - the String representing the full URL

Usage:

  • cutToFirstSignificantSubdomain(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the URL with everthing to the left of the first significant subdomain removed.

cutURLParameter

cutURLParameter removes a named parameter from a URL

Parameters:

  • url - the String representing the full URL
  • param - a String representing the name of the parameter to remove from the URL.

Usage:

  • cutURLParameter(url, param)

Returns:

  • String that is the URL with everything in tact, except the named parameter has been removed.

cutWWW

cutWWW removes the www portion of a URL if it exists. If www appears more than once, the first one is removed.

Parameters:

  • url - the String representing the full URL

Usage:

  • cutWWW(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the URL with the first instance of www removed.

decodeURLComponent

decodeURLComponent translates URL encoded characters to their normal characters, so %20 would become a space.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to decode.

Usage:

  • decodeURLComponent(url)

Returns:

  • String where all URL encoded characters are their normal text characters.

domain

domain extracts just the domain name from a URL String.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the domain from.

Usage:

  • domain(url)

Returns:

  • String with just the domain name.

domainWithoutWWW

domainWithoutWWW extracts just the domain name from a URL String, excluding one www if www is part of the domain in the URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the domain from.

Usage:

  • domainWithoutWWW(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the domain name without the first www if it was part of the original URL.

extractURLParameter

extractURLParameter extracts the value of a named parameter from a URL

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the parameter from.
  • param - the name of the parameter

Usage:

  • extractURLParameter(url, param)

Returns:

  • String that is the value of the named parameter.

extractURLParameters

extractURLParameters extracts all parameter name/value pairs from the URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the parameters from.

Usage:

  • extractURLParameters(url)

Returns:

  • an array that containing String structured as <parameter name>=<parameter value>

extractURLParameterNames

extractURLParameterNames extracts all parameter names from the URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the parameters from.

Usage:

  • extractURLParameters(url)

Returns:

  • an array that containing all parameter names in the URL as String

firstSignificantSubdomain

firstSignificantSubdomain extracts the first "significant" part of the domain name from the URL that is encountered. This is a function specific to Clickhouse

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract first significant subdomain from

Usage:

  • firstSignificantSubdomain(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the first significant subdomain that is found in the URL.

fragment

fragment extracts the fragment identifier and anything after it from the URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract fragment from

Usage:

  • fragment(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the fragment identifier for any anchor references, and anything following it, not including the #. If no fragment identifier is part of the URL, an empty String is returned.

path

path extracts the specific path from the URL, not including the domain name, fragment identifiers, or query parameters.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract path from

Usage:

  • path(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the path of the URL, without the domain name, fragment identifier, or query parameters

pathFull

pathFull returns the path, along with any following anchor fagment identifiers and query query string.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract path from

Usage:

  • pathFull(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the path of the URL, without the domain name, but including any following fragment identifiers or query strings.

protocol

protocol returns the protocol in the URL, meaning everything preceeding ://

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the protocol from

Usage:

  • protocol(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the protocol of the URL.

queryString

queryString returns just the query string from the URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the query string from

Usage:

  • queryString(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the queryString of the URL.

queryStringAndFragment

queryStringAndFragment returns the query string and any following anchor fragment identifiers. If the fragment identifier precedes the query string, it will not be included.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the query string and following fragment from

Usage:

  • queryStringAndFragment(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the queryString of the URL and any fragement identifiers the follow the query string.

topLevelDomain

topLevelDomain returns the top level domain from a URL, such as com, edu, and org.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to extract the top level domain from

Usage:

  • topLevelDomain(url)

Returns:

  • String that is the top level domain of the URL.

URLHierarchy

URLHierarchy returns an array of Strings that are the Hierarchy of the URL, starting with the domain and ending with the original URL.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to operate on

Usage:

  • URLHierarchy(url)

Returns:

  • an array of String that are the Hierarchy of the URL, starting with the domain and ending with the original URL. Each / in the path will add an additional path to the array. The last element in the array will be the original URL.

URLPathHierarchy

URLPathHierarchy is the same as URLHierarchy, but does not include protocol and domain in the results.

Parameters:

  • url - the String to operate on

Usage:

  • URLPathHierarchy(url)

Returns:

  • an array of String that are the Hierarchy of the URL, excluding protocol and domain. The first path is the first one following the domain. The last path will be the full string of the URL, not including protocol and domain in any of the results.

Updated about 1 month ago

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